redux vs @reduxjs/toolkit vs mobx vs vuex vs redux-saga | State Management Libraries Comparison

Package	Downloads	Stars	Size	Issues	Publish	License

redux	14,724,010	61,332	290 kB	46	2 years ago	MIT
@reduxjs/toolkit	6,173,276	11,073	6.84 MB	253	6 days ago	MIT
mobx	2,054,715	28,034	4.33 MB	78	6 months ago	MIT
vuex	1,429,168	28,428	271 kB	143	-	MIT
redux-saga	1,147,279	22,512	221 kB	43	2 years ago	MIT

State Management Approach

redux:
Redux uses a centralized store to manage application state, with state changes handled by pure functions called reducers. It promotes a clear and predictable state management pattern, making it easier to understand and maintain.
@reduxjs/toolkit:
@reduxjs/toolkit follows a unidirectional data flow model, where state changes are triggered by actions dispatched to reducers. It enforces a clear separation of concerns, making state management predictable and easy to debug.
mobx:
MobX employs a reactive programming model, where state changes automatically update the UI without the need for manual intervention. It allows for more dynamic and flexible state management, reducing the need for boilerplate code.
vuex:
Vuex provides a centralized store for Vue.js applications, with a clear structure for managing state, mutations, and actions. It integrates seamlessly with Vue's reactivity system, making state management intuitive and efficient.
redux-saga:
redux-saga is an extension of Redux that focuses on managing side effects in a more structured way. It uses sagas (generator functions) to handle asynchronous actions, allowing for better control and organization of complex side effect logic.

Boilerplate Code

redux:
Redux is known for its boilerplate, requiring developers to define actions, reducers, and store setup explicitly, which can be time-consuming and verbose.
@reduxjs/toolkit:
@reduxjs/toolkit significantly reduces boilerplate code compared to traditional Redux by providing a set of tools and best practices that streamline the process of setting up and managing state.
mobx:
MobX minimizes boilerplate code by allowing developers to define state and reactions in a more natural and intuitive way, without the need for extensive configuration or setup.
vuex:
Vuex requires some boilerplate for setting up the store, mutations, and actions, but it is relatively straightforward and well-structured, especially for Vue.js applications.
redux-saga:
redux-saga introduces additional boilerplate for defining sagas and managing side effects, but it provides a more organized and scalable way to handle complex asynchronous logic.

Learning Curve

redux:
Redux has a steeper learning curve due to its concepts of actions, reducers, and middleware. However, once understood, it provides a solid foundation for managing state in JavaScript applications.
@reduxjs/toolkit:
@reduxjs/toolkit has a gentler learning curve compared to traditional Redux, thanks to its simplified API and clear documentation. It is designed to help developers quickly understand and implement state management best practices.
mobx:
MobX is relatively easy to learn, especially for those familiar with reactive programming concepts. Its intuitive API and minimal configuration make it accessible for developers of all skill levels.
vuex:
Vuex is easy to learn for developers already familiar with Vue.js, as it follows similar principles and integrates seamlessly with the Vue ecosystem.
redux-saga:
redux-saga can be challenging to learn, particularly for developers unfamiliar with generator functions and asynchronous programming. It requires a good understanding of Redux to use effectively.

Integration with Frameworks

redux:
Redux is framework-agnostic but is most commonly used with React. It can be integrated with any JavaScript framework or library that supports a unidirectional data flow.
@reduxjs/toolkit:
@reduxjs/toolkit integrates seamlessly with React and other JavaScript frameworks, providing a flexible and scalable solution for managing state in component-based architectures.
mobx:
MobX works well with any JavaScript framework, including React, Vue, and Angular. Its reactive nature makes it particularly compatible with component-based architectures.
vuex:
Vuex is specifically designed for Vue.js applications, providing a state management solution that leverages Vue's reactivity system and integrates seamlessly with Vue components.
redux-saga:
redux-saga is designed to work with Redux, making it a natural fit for React applications that require advanced side effect management.

Ease of Use: Code Examples

redux:

Simple counter example with Redux

import { createStore } from 'redux';

const initialState = { count: 0 };

const counterReducer = (state = initialState, action) => {
  switch (action.type) {
    case 'INCREMENT':
      return { count: state.count + 1 };
    case 'DECREMENT':
      return { count: state.count - 1 };
    default:
      return state;
  }
};

const store = createStore(counterReducer);

store.subscribe(() => console.log(store.getState()));
store.dispatch({ type: 'INCREMENT' });
store.dispatch({ type: 'DECREMENT' });

@reduxjs/toolkit:

Simple counter example with @reduxjs/toolkit

import { createSlice, configureStore } from '@reduxjs/toolkit';

const counterSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'counter',
  initialState: 0,
  reducers: {
    increment: (state) => state + 1,
    decrement: (state) => state - 1,
  },
});

const store = configureStore({
  reducer: { counter: counterSlice.reducer },
});

store.subscribe(() => console.log(store.getState()));
store.dispatch(counterSlice.actions.increment());
store.dispatch(counterSlice.actions.decrement());

mobx:

Simple counter example with MobX

import { makeAutoObservable } from 'mobx';
import { observer } from 'mobx-react';
import React from 'react';

class Counter {
  count = 0;

  constructor() {
    makeAutoObservable(this);
  }

  increment() {
    this.count++;
  }

  decrement() {
    this.count--;
  }
}

const counter = new Counter();

const CounterComponent = observer(() => (
  <div>
    <h1>{counter.count}</h1>
    <button onClick={() => counter.increment()}>Increment</button>
    <button onClick={() => counter.decrement()}>Decrement</button>
  </div>
));

export default function App() {
  return <CounterComponent />;
}

vuex:

Simple counter example with Vuex

import Vue from 'vue';
import Vuex from 'vuex';

Vue.use(Vuex);

const store = new Vuex.Store({
  state: { count: 0 },
  mutations: {
    increment(state) {
      state.count++;
    },
    decrement(state) {
      state.count--;
    },
  },
});

store.subscribe(() => console.log(store.state.count));
store.commit('increment');
store.commit('decrement');

redux-saga:

Simple counter example with redux-saga

import { createStore, applyMiddleware } from 'redux';
import createSagaMiddleware from 'redux-saga';
import { takeEvery, put } from 'redux-saga/effects';

const initialState = { count: 0 };

const counterReducer = (state = initialState, action) => {
  switch (action.type) {
    case 'INCREMENT':
      return { count: state.count + 1 };
    case 'DECREMENT':
      return { count: state.count - 1 };
    default:
      return state;
  }
};

function* incrementAsync() {
  yield put({ type: 'INCREMENT' });
}

function* watchIncrement() {
  yield takeEvery('INCREMENT_ASYNC', incrementAsync);
}

const sagaMiddleware = createSagaMiddleware();
const store = createStore(counterReducer, applyMiddleware(sagaMiddleware));
sagaMiddleware.run(watchIncrement);

store.subscribe(() => console.log(store.getState()));
store.dispatch({ type: 'INCREMENT_ASYNC' });