cheerio vs xpath vs dom7 vs sizzle
Web Scraping and DOM Manipulation Comparison
1 Year
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What's Web Scraping and DOM Manipulation?

Web scraping and DOM manipulation libraries in JavaScript provide tools for extracting and manipulating data from HTML documents. These libraries are essential for tasks such as web scraping, automated testing, and building browser extensions. They allow developers to traverse the DOM (Document Object Model), select elements, modify content, and extract information programmatically. This functionality is crucial for data extraction, content manipulation, and automating interactions with web pages. cheerio is a fast, flexible, and lean implementation of core jQuery designed specifically for the server, making it ideal for web scraping and manipulating HTML on the backend. dom7 is a lightweight DOM manipulation library with a jQuery-like API, optimized for modern web applications and mobile environments, offering a small footprint and high performance. sizzle is a pure-JavaScript CSS selector engine that powers jQuery's element selection, providing fast and reliable querying of DOM elements using CSS selectors, making it suitable for projects that require efficient and standards-compliant element selection. xpath is a library for querying and manipulating XML and HTML documents using XPath expressions, allowing for powerful and precise navigation and data extraction from structured documents, making it ideal for tasks that require complex querying capabilities.

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cheerio11,933,30329,6631.27 MB3210 days agoMIT
xpath3,573,613232183 kB242 years agoMIT
dom7665,104165292 kB282 years agoMIT
sizzle26,7796,290133 kB112 years agoMIT
Feature Comparison: cheerio vs xpath vs dom7 vs sizzle

Selector Engine

  • cheerio:

    cheerio uses a jQuery-like selector engine that allows for fast and efficient DOM traversal and manipulation. It supports a wide range of CSS selectors, making it easy to select and manipulate elements in HTML documents.

  • xpath:

    xpath allows for complex querying of XML and HTML documents using XPath expressions. It provides a powerful way to navigate and select elements based on their structure, attributes, and content, making it ideal for precise data extraction.

  • dom7:

    dom7 provides a lightweight selector engine with jQuery-like capabilities. It supports basic CSS selectors, making it easy to select elements for manipulation, but it is designed to be more efficient and faster than jQuery, especially for mobile environments.

  • sizzle:

    sizzle is a standalone CSS selector engine that provides fast and reliable element selection using standard CSS selectors. It is highly optimized for performance and is used by jQuery for its selector functionality, making it one of the fastest selector engines available.

Performance

  • cheerio:

    cheerio is designed for high performance in server-side environments. It is lightweight and fast, making it suitable for processing large HTML documents quickly, which is essential for web scraping tasks.

  • xpath:

    xpath performance depends on the complexity of the XPath expressions used and the structure of the XML or HTML documents being queried. While it can handle complex queries efficiently, performance may vary with deeply nested or large documents.

  • dom7:

    dom7 is optimized for performance, especially in mobile environments. Its small size and efficient DOM manipulation methods make it faster than many other libraries, including jQuery, making it ideal for applications where performance is critical.

  • sizzle:

    sizzle is known for its high performance in selecting elements using CSS selectors. It is particularly efficient for complex selections and is designed to be fast, making it a great choice for projects that require quick element querying.

Use Case

  • cheerio:

    cheerio is ideal for web scraping, server-side HTML manipulation, and automated testing. It is commonly used to extract data from web pages, modify HTML content, and perform tasks that require manipulating the DOM on the server.

  • xpath:

    xpath is used for XML and HTML data extraction, manipulation, and transformation. It is ideal for applications that need to work with structured documents, perform complex queries, and extract data based on specific criteria.

  • dom7:

    dom7 is best suited for modern web applications, mobile apps, and projects that require lightweight DOM manipulation. It is often used in frameworks like Framework7 and Swiper for efficient element manipulation without the overhead of larger libraries.

  • sizzle:

    sizzle is used in projects that require a fast and reliable CSS selector engine. It is particularly useful for libraries and applications that need efficient element selection without the full weight of a framework like jQuery.

Ease of Use: Code Examples

  • cheerio:

    HTML Manipulation with cheerio

    const cheerio = require('cheerio');
    const html = '<ul><li class="item">Item 1</li><li class="item">Item 2</li></ul>';
    const $ = cheerio.load(html);
    
    // Select and manipulate elements
    $('.item').each((index, element) => {
      $(element).text(`Updated Item ${index + 1}`);
    });
    
    console.log($.html()); // Outputs modified HTML
    
  • xpath:

    XPath Querying with xpath

    import { parse } from 'xpath';
    import { DOMParser } from 'xmldom';
    const html = '<root><item>1</item><item>2</item></root>';
    const doc = new DOMParser().parseFromString(html);
    const nodes = parse('//item')(doc);
    
    // Extract and manipulate data
    nodes.forEach((node) => {
      console.log(node.textContent);
    });
    
  • dom7:

    DOM Manipulation with dom7

    import Dom7 from 'dom7';
    const $ = Dom7;
    const html = '<div class="container"><p>Hello World</p></div>';
    
    // Select and manipulate elements
    $('.container').css('background-color', 'lightblue');
    $('.container p').text('Hello Dom7!');
    
    console.log($.html()); // Outputs modified HTML
    
  • sizzle:

    Element Selection with sizzle

    import { select } from 'sizzle';
    const html = '<div><span class="highlight">Hello</span><span>World</span></div>';
    const elements = select('.highlight');
    
    // Manipulate selected elements
    elements.forEach((el) => {
      el.textContent = 'Hi';
    });
    
    console.log(elements[0].textContent); // Outputs: Hi
    
How to Choose: cheerio vs xpath vs dom7 vs sizzle
  • cheerio:

    Choose cheerio if you need a fast and lightweight library for server-side HTML manipulation and web scraping. It provides a familiar jQuery-like API for traversing and manipulating the DOM, making it easy to extract data from web pages.

  • xpath:

    Choose xpath if you need to perform complex queries on XML or HTML documents using XPath expressions. It is ideal for tasks that require precise navigation and data extraction from structured documents, making it suitable for web scraping and XML processing.

  • dom7:

    Choose dom7 if you are building modern web applications or mobile apps and need a small, efficient library for DOM manipulation. Its jQuery-like syntax and lightweight design make it ideal for projects where performance and bundle size are concerns.

  • sizzle:

    Choose sizzle if you need a high-performance CSS selector engine for your project. It is particularly useful if you require fast and reliable element selection using CSS selectors, and you want to integrate it into your own libraries or applications.

README for cheerio

cheerio

The fast, flexible, and elegant library for parsing and manipulating HTML and XML.

中文文档 (Chinese Readme)

import * as cheerio from 'cheerio';
const $ = cheerio.load('<h2 class="title">Hello world</h2>');

$('h2.title').text('Hello there!');
$('h2').addClass('welcome');

$.html();
//=> <html><head></head><body><h2 class="title welcome">Hello there!</h2></body></html>

Installation

Install Cheerio using a package manager like npm, yarn, or bun.

npm install cheerio
# or
bun add cheerio

Features

❤ Proven syntax: Cheerio implements a subset of core jQuery. Cheerio removes all the DOM inconsistencies and browser cruft from the jQuery library, revealing its truly gorgeous API.

ϟ Blazingly fast: Cheerio works with a very simple, consistent DOM model. As a result parsing, manipulating, and rendering are incredibly efficient.

❁ Incredibly flexible: Cheerio wraps around parse5 for parsing HTML and can optionally use the forgiving htmlparser2. Cheerio can parse nearly any HTML or XML document. Cheerio works in both browser and server environments.

API

Loading

First you need to load in the HTML. This step in jQuery is implicit, since jQuery operates on the one, baked-in DOM. With Cheerio, we need to pass in the HTML document.

// ESM or TypeScript:
import * as cheerio from 'cheerio';

// In other environments:
const cheerio = require('cheerio');

const $ = cheerio.load('<ul id="fruits">...</ul>');

$.html();
//=> <html><head></head><body><ul id="fruits">...</ul></body></html>

Selectors

Once you've loaded the HTML, you can use jQuery-style selectors to find elements within the document.

$( selector, [context], [root] )

selector searches within the context scope which searches within the root scope. selector and context can be a string expression, DOM Element, array of DOM elements, or cheerio object. root, if provided, is typically the HTML document string.

This selector method is the starting point for traversing and manipulating the document. Like in jQuery, it's the primary method for selecting elements in the document.

$('.apple', '#fruits').text();
//=> Apple

$('ul .pear').attr('class');
//=> pear

$('li[class=orange]').html();
//=> Orange

Rendering

When you're ready to render the document, you can call the html method on the "root" selection:

$.root().html();
//=>  <html>
//      <head></head>
//      <body>
//        <ul id="fruits">
//          <li class="apple">Apple</li>
//          <li class="orange">Orange</li>
//          <li class="pear">Pear</li>
//        </ul>
//      </body>
//    </html>

If you want to render the outerHTML of a selection, you can use the outerHTML prop:

$('.pear').prop('outerHTML');
//=> <li class="pear">Pear</li>

You may also render the text content of a Cheerio object using the text method:

const $ = cheerio.load('This is <em>content</em>.');
$('body').text();
//=> This is content.

The "DOM Node" object

Cheerio collections are made up of objects that bear some resemblance to browser-based DOM nodes. You can expect them to define the following properties:

  • tagName
  • parentNode
  • previousSibling
  • nextSibling
  • nodeValue
  • firstChild
  • childNodes
  • lastChild

Screencasts

https://vimeo.com/31950192

This video tutorial is a follow-up to Nettut's "How to Scrape Web Pages with Node.js and jQuery", using cheerio instead of JSDOM + jQuery. This video shows how easy it is to use cheerio and how much faster cheerio is than JSDOM + jQuery.

Cheerio in the real world

Are you using cheerio in production? Add it to the wiki!

Sponsors

Does your company use Cheerio in production? Please consider sponsoring this project! Your help will allow maintainers to dedicate more time and resources to its development and support.

Headlining Sponsors

Tidelift Github AirBnB brand.dev

Other Sponsors

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Backers

Become a backer to show your support for Cheerio and help us maintain and improve this open source project.

Vasy Kafidoff Espen Klem

License

MIT