fast-glob
It's a very fast and efficient glob library for Node.js.
This package provides methods for traversing the file system and returning pathnames that matched a defined set of a specified pattern according to the rules used by the Unix Bash shell with some simplifications, meanwhile results are returned in arbitrary order. Quick, simple, effective.
Table of Contents
Details
Highlights
- Fast. Probably the fastest.
- Supports multiple and negative patterns.
- Synchronous, Promise and Stream API.
- Object mode. Can return more than just strings.
- Error-tolerant.
Old and modern mode
This package works in two modes, depending on the environment in which it is used.
- Old mode. Node.js below 10.10 or when the
stats option is enabled.
- Modern mode. Node.js 10.10+ and the
stats option is disabled.
The modern mode is faster. Learn more about the internal mechanism.
Pattern syntax
:warning: Always use forward-slashes in glob expressions (patterns and ignore option). Use backslashes for escaping characters.
There is more than one form of syntax: basic and advanced. Below is a brief overview of the supported features. Also pay attention to our FAQ.
:book: This package uses micromatch as a library for pattern matching.
Basic syntax
- An asterisk (
*) — matches everything except slashes (path separators), hidden files (names starting with .).
- A double star or globstar (
**) — matches zero or more directories.
- Question mark (
?) – matches any single character except slashes (path separators).
- Sequence (
[seq]) — matches any character in sequence.
:book: A few additional words about the basic matching behavior.
Some examples:
src/**/*.js — matches all files in the src directory (any level of nesting) that have the .js extension.src/*.?? — matches all files in the src directory (only first level of nesting) that have a two-character extension.file-[01].js — matches files: file-0.js, file-1.js.
Advanced syntax
:book: A few additional words about the advanced matching behavior.
Some examples:
src/**/*.{css,scss} — matches all files in the src directory (any level of nesting) that have the .css or .scss extension.file-[[:digit:]].js — matches files: file-0.js, file-1.js, …, file-9.js.file-{1..3}.js — matches files: file-1.js, file-2.js, file-3.js.file-(1|2) — matches files: file-1.js, file-2.js.
Installation
npm install fast-glob
API
Asynchronous
fg(patterns, [options])
fg.async(patterns, [options])
fg.glob(patterns, [options])
Returns a Promise with an array of matching entries.
const fg = require('fast-glob');
const entries = await fg(['.editorconfig', '**/index.js'], { dot: true });
// ['.editorconfig', 'services/index.js']
Synchronous
fg.sync(patterns, [options])
fg.globSync(patterns, [options])
Returns an array of matching entries.
const fg = require('fast-glob');
const entries = fg.sync(['.editorconfig', '**/index.js'], { dot: true });
// ['.editorconfig', 'services/index.js']
Stream
fg.stream(patterns, [options])
fg.globStream(patterns, [options])
Returns a ReadableStream when the data event will be emitted with matching entry.
const fg = require('fast-glob');
const stream = fg.stream(['.editorconfig', '**/index.js'], { dot: true });
for await (const entry of stream) {
// .editorconfig
// services/index.js
}
patterns
- Required:
true
- Type:
string | string[]
Any correct pattern(s).
:1234: Pattern syntax
:warning: This package does not respect the order of patterns. First, all the negative patterns are applied, and only then the positive patterns. If you want to get a certain order of records, use sorting or split calls.
[options]
See Options section.
Helpers
generateTasks(patterns, [options])
Returns the internal representation of patterns (Task is a combining patterns by base directory).
fg.generateTasks('*');
[{
base: '.', // Parent directory for all patterns inside this task
dynamic: true, // Dynamic or static patterns are in this task
patterns: ['*'],
positive: ['*'],
negative: []
}]
patterns
- Required:
true
- Type:
string | string[]
Any correct pattern(s).
[options]
See Options section.
isDynamicPattern(pattern, [options])
Returns true if the passed pattern is a dynamic pattern.
:1234: What is a static or dynamic pattern?
fg.isDynamicPattern('*'); // true
fg.isDynamicPattern('abc'); // false
pattern
- Required:
true
- Type:
string
Any correct pattern.
[options]
See Options section.
escapePath(path)
Returns the path with escaped special characters depending on the platform.
- Posix:
*?|(){}[];! at the beginning of line;@+! before the opening parenthesis;\\ before non-special characters;
- Windows:
(){}[]! at the beginning of line;@+! before the opening parenthesis;- Characters like
*?| cannot be used in the path (windows_naming_conventions), so they will not be escaped;
fg.escapePath('!abc');
// \\!abc
fg.escapePath('[OpenSource] mrmlnc – fast-glob (Deluxe Edition) 2014') + '/*.flac'
// \\[OpenSource\\] mrmlnc – fast-glob \\(Deluxe Edition\\) 2014/*.flac
fg.posix.escapePath('C:\\Program Files (x86)\\**\\*');
// C:\\\\Program Files \\(x86\\)\\*\\*\\*
fg.win32.escapePath('C:\\Program Files (x86)\\**\\*');
// Windows: C:\\Program Files \\(x86\\)\\**\\*
convertPathToPattern(path)
Converts a path to a pattern depending on the platform, including special character escaping.
- Posix. Works similarly to the
fg.posix.escapePath method.
- Windows. Works similarly to the
fg.win32.escapePath method, additionally converting backslashes to forward slashes in cases where they are not escape characters (!()+@{}[]).
fg.convertPathToPattern('[OpenSource] mrmlnc – fast-glob (Deluxe Edition) 2014') + '/*.flac';
// \\[OpenSource\\] mrmlnc – fast-glob \\(Deluxe Edition\\) 2014/*.flac
fg.convertPathToPattern('C:/Program Files (x86)/**/*');
// Posix: C:/Program Files \\(x86\\)/\\*\\*/\\*
// Windows: C:/Program Files \\(x86\\)/**/*
fg.convertPathToPattern('C:\\Program Files (x86)\\**\\*');
// Posix: C:\\\\Program Files \\(x86\\)\\*\\*\\*
// Windows: C:/Program Files \\(x86\\)/**/*
fg.posix.convertPathToPattern('\\\\?\\c:\\Program Files (x86)') + '/**/*';
// Posix: \\\\\\?\\\\c:\\\\Program Files \\(x86\\)/**/* (broken pattern)
fg.win32.convertPathToPattern('\\\\?\\c:\\Program Files (x86)') + '/**/*';
// Windows: //?/c:/Program Files \\(x86\\)/**/*
Options
Common options
concurrency
- Type:
number
- Default:
os.cpus().length
Specifies the maximum number of concurrent requests from a reader to read directories.
:book: The higher the number, the higher the performance and load on the file system. If you want to read in quiet mode, set the value to a comfortable number or 1.
More details
In Node, there are two types of threads: Event Loop (code) and a Thread Pool (fs, dns, …). The thread pool size controlled by the UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE environment variable. Its default size is 4 (documentation). The pool is one for all tasks within a single Node process.
Any code can make 4 real concurrent accesses to the file system. The rest of the FS requests will wait in the queue.
:book: Each new instance of FG in the same Node process will use the same Thread pool.
But this package also has the concurrency option. This option allows you to control the number of concurrent accesses to the FS at the package level. By default, this package has a value equal to the number of cores available for the current Node process. This allows you to set a value smaller than the pool size (concurrency: 1) or, conversely, to prepare tasks for the pool queue more quickly (concurrency: Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY).
So, in fact, this package can only make 4 concurrent requests to the FS. You can increase this value by using an environment variable (UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE), but in practice this does not give a multiple advantage.
cwd
- Type:
string
- Default:
process.cwd()
The current working directory in which to search.
deep
- Type:
number
- Default:
Infinity
Specifies the maximum depth of a read directory relative to the start directory.
For example, you have the following tree:
dir/
└── one/ // 1
└── two/ // 2
└── file.js // 3
// With base directory
fg.sync('dir/**', { onlyFiles: false, deep: 1 }); // ['dir/one']
fg.sync('dir/**', { onlyFiles: false, deep: 2 }); // ['dir/one', 'dir/one/two']
// With cwd option
fg.sync('**', { onlyFiles: false, cwd: 'dir', deep: 1 }); // ['one']
fg.sync('**', { onlyFiles: false, cwd: 'dir', deep: 2 }); // ['one', 'one/two']
:book: If you specify a pattern with some base directory, this directory will not participate in the calculation of the depth of the found directories. Think of it as a cwd option.
followSymbolicLinks
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
true
Indicates whether to traverse descendants of symbolic link directories when expanding ** patterns.
:book: Note that this option does not affect the base directory of the pattern. For example, if ./a is a symlink to directory ./b and you specified ['./a**', './b/**'] patterns, then directory ./a will still be read.
:book: If the stats option is specified, the information about the symbolic link (fs.lstat) will be replaced with information about the entry (fs.stat) behind it.
fs
- Type:
FileSystemAdapter
- Default:
fs.*
Custom implementation of methods for working with the file system. Supports objects with enumerable properties only.
export interface FileSystemAdapter {
lstat?: typeof fs.lstat;
stat?: typeof fs.stat;
lstatSync?: typeof fs.lstatSync;
statSync?: typeof fs.statSync;
readdir?: typeof fs.readdir;
readdirSync?: typeof fs.readdirSync;
}
ignore
- Type:
string[]
- Default:
[]
An array of glob patterns to exclude matches. This is an alternative way to use negative patterns.
dir/
├── package-lock.json
└── package.json
fg.sync(['*.json', '!package-lock.json']); // ['package.json']
fg.sync('*.json', { ignore: ['package-lock.json'] }); // ['package.json']
suppressErrors
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
By default this package suppress only ENOENT errors. Set to true to suppress any error.
:book: Can be useful when the directory has entries with a special level of access.
throwErrorOnBrokenSymbolicLink
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
Throw an error when symbolic link is broken if true or safely return lstat call if false.
:book: This option has no effect on errors when reading the symbolic link directory.
Output control
absolute
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
Return the absolute path for entries.
fg.sync('*.js', { absolute: false }); // ['index.js']
fg.sync('*.js', { absolute: true }); // ['/home/user/index.js']
:book: This option is required if you want to use negative patterns with absolute path, for example, !${__dirname}/*.js.
markDirectories
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
Mark the directory path with the final slash.
fg.sync('*', { onlyFiles: false, markDirectories: false }); // ['index.js', 'controllers']
fg.sync('*', { onlyFiles: false, markDirectories: true }); // ['index.js', 'controllers/']
objectMode
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
Returns objects (instead of strings) describing entries.
fg.sync('*', { objectMode: false }); // ['src/index.js']
fg.sync('*', { objectMode: true }); // [{ name: 'index.js', path: 'src/index.js', dirent: <fs.Dirent> }]
The object has the following fields:
- name (
string) — the last part of the path (basename)
- path (
string) — full path relative to the pattern base directory
- dirent (
fs.Dirent) — instance of fs.Dirent
:book: An object is an internal representation of entry, so getting it does not affect performance.
onlyDirectories
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
Return only directories.
fg.sync('*', { onlyDirectories: false }); // ['index.js', 'src']
fg.sync('*', { onlyDirectories: true }); // ['src']
:book: If true, the onlyFiles option is automatically false.
onlyFiles
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
true
Return only files.
fg.sync('*', { onlyFiles: false }); // ['index.js', 'src']
fg.sync('*', { onlyFiles: true }); // ['index.js']
stats
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
Enables an object mode with an additional field:
fg.sync('*', { stats: false }); // ['src/index.js']
fg.sync('*', { stats: true }); // [{ name: 'index.js', path: 'src/index.js', dirent: <fs.Dirent>, stats: <fs.Stats> }]
:book: Returns fs.stat instead of fs.lstat for symbolic links when the followSymbolicLinks option is specified.
:warning: Unlike object mode this mode requires additional calls to the file system. On average, this mode is slower at least twice. See old and modern mode for more details.
unique
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
true
Ensures that the returned entries are unique.
fg.sync(['*.json', 'package.json'], { unique: false }); // ['package.json', 'package.json']
fg.sync(['*.json', 'package.json'], { unique: true }); // ['package.json']
If true and similar entries are found, the result is the first found.
Matching control
braceExpansion
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
true
Enables Bash-like brace expansion.
:1234: Syntax description or more detailed description.
dir/
├── abd
├── acd
└── a{b,c}d
fg.sync('a{b,c}d', { braceExpansion: false }); // ['a{b,c}d']
fg.sync('a{b,c}d', { braceExpansion: true }); // ['abd', 'acd']
caseSensitiveMatch
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
true
Enables a case-sensitive mode for matching files.
dir/
├── file.txt
└── File.txt
fg.sync('file.txt', { caseSensitiveMatch: false }); // ['file.txt', 'File.txt']
fg.sync('file.txt', { caseSensitiveMatch: true }); // ['file.txt']
dot
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
Allow patterns to match entries that begin with a period (.).
:book: Note that an explicit dot in a portion of the pattern will always match dot files.
dir/
├── .editorconfig
└── package.json
fg.sync('*', { dot: false }); // ['package.json']
fg.sync('*', { dot: true }); // ['.editorconfig', 'package.json']
extglob
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
true
Enables Bash-like extglob functionality.
:1234: Syntax description.
dir/
├── README.md
└── package.json
fg.sync('*.+(json|md)', { extglob: false }); // []
fg.sync('*.+(json|md)', { extglob: true }); // ['README.md', 'package.json']
globstar
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
true
Enables recursively repeats a pattern containing **. If false, ** behaves exactly like *.
dir/
└── a
└── b
fg.sync('**', { onlyFiles: false, globstar: false }); // ['a']
fg.sync('**', { onlyFiles: false, globstar: true }); // ['a', 'a/b']
baseNameMatch
- Type:
boolean
- Default:
false
If set to true, then patterns without slashes will be matched against the basename of the path if it contains slashes.
dir/
└── one/
└── file.md
fg.sync('*.md', { baseNameMatch: false }); // []
fg.sync('*.md', { baseNameMatch: true }); // ['one/file.md']
FAQ
What is a static or dynamic pattern?
All patterns can be divided into two types:
- static. A pattern is considered static if it can be used to get an entry on the file system without using matching mechanisms. For example, the
file.js pattern is a static pattern because we can just verify that it exists on the file system.
- dynamic. A pattern is considered dynamic if it cannot be used directly to find occurrences without using a matching mechanisms. For example, the
* pattern is a dynamic pattern because we cannot use this pattern directly.
A pattern is considered dynamic if it contains the following characters (… — any characters or their absence) or options:
- The
caseSensitiveMatch option is disabled
\\ (the escape character)*, ?, ! (at the beginning of line)[…](…|…)@(…), !(…), *(…), ?(…), +(…) (respects the extglob option){…,…}, {…..…} (respects the braceExpansion option)
How to write patterns on Windows?
Always use forward-slashes in glob expressions (patterns and ignore option). Use backslashes for escaping characters. With the cwd option use a convenient format.
Bad
[
'directory\\*',
path.join(process.cwd(), '**')
]
Good
[
'directory/*',
fg.convertPathToPattern(process.cwd()) + '/**'
]
:book: Use the .convertPathToPattern package to convert Windows-style path to a Unix-style path.
Read more about matching with backslashes.
Why are parentheses match wrong?
dir/
└── (special-*file).txt
fg.sync(['(special-*file).txt']) // []
Refers to Bash. You need to escape special characters:
fg.sync(['\\(special-*file\\).txt']) // ['(special-*file).txt']
Read more about matching special characters as literals. Or use the .escapePath.
How to exclude directory from reading?
You can use a negative pattern like this: !**/node_modules or !**/node_modules/**. Also you can use ignore option. Just look at the example below.
first/
├── file.md
└── second/
└── file.txt
If you don't want to read the second directory, you must write the following pattern: !**/second or !**/second/**.
fg.sync(['**/*.md', '!**/second']); // ['first/file.md']
fg.sync(['**/*.md'], { ignore: ['**/second/**'] }); // ['first/file.md']
:warning: When you write !**/second/**/* it means that the directory will be read, but all the entries will not be included in the results.
You have to understand that if you write the pattern to exclude directories, then the directory will not be read under any circumstances.
How to use UNC path?
You cannot use Uniform Naming Convention (UNC) paths as patterns (due to syntax) directly, but you can use them as cwd directory or use the fg.convertPathToPattern method.
// cwd
fg.sync('*', { cwd: '\\\\?\\C:\\Python27' /* or //?/C:/Python27 */ });
fg.sync('Python27/*', { cwd: '\\\\?\\C:\\' /* or //?/C:/ */ });
// .convertPathToPattern
fg.sync(fg.convertPathToPattern('\\\\?\\c:\\Python27') + '/*');
Compatible with node-glob?
Benchmarks
You can see results here for every commit into the main branch.
- Product benchmark – comparison with the main competitors.
- Regress benchmark – regression between the current version and the version from the npm registry.
Changelog
See the Releases section of our GitHub project for changelog for each release version.
License
This software is released under the terms of the MIT license.
