rollup vs webpack vs gulp vs browserify vs grunt vs parcel
JavaScript 打包和构建工具
rollupwebpackgulpbrowserifygruntparcel
JavaScript 打包和构建工具

JavaScript 打包和构建工具是用于将多个 JavaScript 文件和资源组合成一个或多个优化的输出文件的工具。这些工具能够处理模块化代码,支持各种插件和加载器,以便在开发和生产环境中提高性能和效率。它们通常用于前端开发,以便在浏览器中加载和执行 JavaScript 代码时,减少请求数量和文件大小,从而加快页面加载速度和提升用户体验。

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rollup53,878,44426,1992.78 MB6047 天前MIT
webpack31,132,73865,8955.69 MB21525 天前MIT
gulp1,496,05433,03111.2 kB357 个月前MIT
browserify1,397,30514,727363 kB3781 年前MIT
grunt720,73112,26468.3 kB1643 年前MIT
parcel222,48244,03843.9 kB5781 个月前MIT
功能对比: rollup vs webpack vs gulp vs browserify vs grunt vs parcel

模块化支持

  • rollup:

    Rollup 专注于 ES6 模块,提供优秀的树摇优化,适合构建小型、可重用的库和模块。

  • webpack:

    Webpack 支持多种模块类型(如 CommonJS、AMD、ES6),并允许复杂的依赖关系管理,适合大型应用程序。

  • gulp:

    Gulp 支持模块化,通过流式处理,可以轻松集成不同的模块,适合需要动态构建的项目。

  • browserify:

    Browserify 允许你使用 CommonJS 模块系统,将 Node.js 风格的模块打包到浏览器中,支持模块之间的依赖关系。

  • grunt:

    Grunt 本身不直接支持模块化,但可以通过插件实现,主要依赖于任务的配置来处理文件。

  • parcel:

    Parcel 自动处理模块化,支持多种模块系统(如 ES6、CommonJS),无需额外配置,适合快速开发。

构建速度

  • rollup:

    Rollup 的构建速度在处理小型库时表现优异,但在处理大型项目时可能会受到影响。

  • webpack:

    Webpack 的构建速度可以通过配置优化,但在大型项目中可能会变得较慢,尤其是在开发模式下。

  • gulp:

    Gulp 由于使用流式处理,通常提供较快的构建速度,适合需要快速反馈的开发环境。

  • browserify:

    Browserify 的构建速度较慢,尤其是在处理大量模块时,因为它需要解析和打包所有依赖。

  • grunt:

    Grunt 的构建速度依赖于配置和插件的数量,可能会变得较慢,尤其是在大型项目中。

  • parcel:

    Parcel 提供快速的构建速度,利用多线程和缓存机制,适合快速原型开发。

配置复杂性

  • rollup:

    Rollup 的配置相对简单,专注于模块化和输出格式,适合构建库。

  • webpack:

    Webpack 的配置非常灵活,但也相对复杂,适合需要高度定制的项目。

  • gulp:

    Gulp 的配置使用代码定义任务,虽然相对简单,但对于复杂任务可能需要更多的代码。

  • browserify:

    Browserify 的配置相对简单,主要集中在入口文件和输出文件的定义上,适合小型项目。

  • grunt:

    Grunt 的配置较为复杂,需要编写大量的配置文件,适合需要高度定制的构建流程。

  • parcel:

    Parcel 几乎不需要配置,开箱即用,适合快速开发和原型设计。

插件生态系统

  • rollup:

    Rollup 的插件生态系统专注于模块优化和构建,适合构建库和小型项目。

  • webpack:

    Webpack 拥有庞大的插件生态系统,几乎可以处理所有构建需求,适合大型应用程序。

  • gulp:

    Gulp 也有丰富的插件生态系统,支持多种任务和功能,适合需要灵活构建的项目。

  • browserify:

    Browserify 拥有丰富的插件生态系统,可以扩展其功能,适合需要特定功能的项目。

  • grunt:

    Grunt 拥有大量的插件,几乎可以处理所有构建任务,适合需要复杂构建的项目。

  • parcel:

    Parcel 的插件生态系统相对较小,但足以满足大多数开发需求,适合快速开发。

学习曲线

  • rollup:

    Rollup 的学习曲线适中,适合有一定模块化开发经验的开发者。

  • webpack:

    Webpack 的学习曲线较陡,需要深入理解其配置和功能,适合有经验的开发者。

  • gulp:

    Gulp 的学习曲线相对较低,代码可读性强,适合快速上手。

  • browserify:

    Browserify 的学习曲线较平缓,适合初学者,特别是熟悉 Node.js 的开发者。

  • grunt:

    Grunt 的学习曲线较陡,需要理解配置文件和插件的使用,适合有经验的开发者。

  • parcel:

    Parcel 的学习曲线非常平缓,几乎不需要配置,适合初学者和快速原型开发。

如何选择: rollup vs webpack vs gulp vs browserify vs grunt vs parcel
  • rollup:

    选择 Rollup 如果你专注于构建库或需要高效的代码分割,Rollup 提供了优秀的树摇优化,适合需要生成小型、可重用模块的项目。

  • webpack:

    选择 Webpack 如果你需要强大的功能和灵活性,Webpack 适合大型应用程序,支持多种模块类型和复杂的构建配置,适合需要高度定制的项目。

  • gulp:

    选择 Gulp 如果你更喜欢流式构建和代码可读性,Gulp 使用代码而不是配置文件来定义任务,适合需要快速构建和实时重载的项目。

  • browserify:

    选择 Browserify 如果你需要将 CommonJS 模块打包到浏览器中,并且希望使用 Node.js 风格的模块系统。它适合小型项目或简单的模块化需求。

  • grunt:

    选择 Grunt 如果你喜欢基于配置的构建流程,Grunt 提供了丰富的插件生态系统,适合需要复杂构建任务的项目,但学习曲线相对较陡。

  • parcel:

    选择 Parcel 如果你希望开箱即用的体验,Parcel 不需要配置文件,适合快速原型开发和小型项目,自动处理许多任务。

rollup的README

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Rollup

Overview

Rollup is a module bundler for JavaScript which compiles small pieces of code into something larger and more complex, such as a library or application. It uses the standardized ES module format for code, instead of previous idiosyncratic solutions such as CommonJS and AMD. ES modules let you freely and seamlessly combine the most useful individual functions from your favorite libraries. Rollup can optimize ES modules for faster native loading in modern browsers, or output a legacy module format allowing ES module workflows today.

Quick Start Guide

Install with npm install --global rollup. Rollup can be used either through a command line interface with an optional configuration file or else through its JavaScript API. Run rollup --help to see the available options and parameters. The starter project templates, rollup-starter-lib and rollup-starter-app, demonstrate common configuration options, and more detailed instructions are available throughout the user guide.

Commands

These commands assume the entry point to your application is named main.js, and that you'd like all imports compiled into a single file named bundle.js.

For browsers:

# compile to a <script> containing a self-executing function
rollup main.js --format iife --name "myBundle" --file bundle.js

For Node.js:

# compile to a CommonJS module
rollup main.js --format cjs --file bundle.js

For both browsers and Node.js:

# UMD format requires a bundle name
rollup main.js --format umd --name "myBundle" --file bundle.js

Why

Developing software is usually easier if you break your project into smaller separate pieces, since that often removes unexpected interactions and dramatically reduces the complexity of the problems you'll need to solve, and simply writing smaller projects in the first place isn't necessarily the answer. Unfortunately, JavaScript has not historically included this capability as a core feature in the language.

This finally changed with ES modules support in JavaScript, which provides a syntax for importing and exporting functions and data so they can be shared between separate scripts. Most browsers and Node.js support ES modules. However, Node.js releases before 12.17 support ES modules only behind the --experimental-modules flag, and older browsers like Internet Explorer do not support ES modules at all. Rollup allows you to write your code using ES modules, and run your application even in environments that do not support ES modules natively. For environments that support them, Rollup can output optimized ES modules; for environments that don't, Rollup can compile your code to other formats such as CommonJS modules, AMD modules, and IIFE-style scripts. This means that you get to write future-proof code, and you also get the tremendous benefits of...

Tree Shaking

In addition to enabling the use of ES modules, Rollup also statically analyzes and optimizes the code you are importing, and will exclude anything that isn't actually used. This allows you to build on top of existing tools and modules without adding extra dependencies or bloating the size of your project.

For example, with CommonJS, the entire tool or library must be imported.

// import the entire utils object with CommonJS
var utils = require('node:utils');
var query = 'Rollup';
// use the ajax method of the utils object
utils.ajax('https://api.example.com?search=' + query).then(handleResponse);

But with ES modules, instead of importing the whole utils object, we can just import the one ajax function we need:

// import the ajax function with an ES import statement
import { ajax } from 'node:utils';

var query = 'Rollup';
// call the ajax function
ajax('https://api.example.com?search=' + query).then(handleResponse);

Because Rollup includes the bare minimum, it results in lighter, faster, and less complicated libraries and applications. Since this approach is based on explicit import and export statements, it is vastly more effective than simply running an automated minifier to detect unused variables in the compiled output code.

Compatibility

Importing CommonJS

Rollup can import existing CommonJS modules through a plugin.

Publishing ES Modules

To make sure your ES modules are immediately usable by tools that work with CommonJS such as Node.js and webpack, you can use Rollup to compile to UMD or CommonJS format, and then point to that compiled version with the main property in your package.json file. If your package.json file also has a module field, ES-module-aware tools like Rollup and webpack will import the ES module version directly.

Contributors

This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute. [Contribute]. . If you want to contribute yourself, head over to the contribution guidelines.

Backers

Thank you to all our backers! 🙏 [Become a backer]

Sponsors

Support this project by becoming a sponsor. Your logo will show up here with a link to your website. [Become a sponsor]

Special Sponsor

TNG Logo

TNG has been supporting the work of Lukas Taegert-Atkinson on Rollup since 2017.

License

MIT