immer vs redux vs mobx vs recoil vs mobx-state-tree
State Management Libraries Comparison
1 Year
immerreduxmobxrecoilmobx-state-treeSimilar Packages:
What's State Management Libraries?

State management libraries are essential tools in web development that help manage the state of applications, particularly in complex user interfaces where multiple components need to share and synchronize data. They provide structured ways to handle state changes, making it easier to build predictable and maintainable applications. These libraries vary in their approach to state management, offering different paradigms such as reactive programming, immutable state updates, and centralized stores, which can significantly affect application performance and developer experience.

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immer17,296,67428,440627 kB55a year agoMIT
redux14,422,97861,258290 kB432 years agoMIT
mobx1,882,82327,9444.33 MB693 months agoMIT
recoil566,67119,6072.21 MB3232 years agoMIT
mobx-state-tree104,9997,0311.29 MB1004 months agoMIT
Feature Comparison: immer vs redux vs mobx vs recoil vs mobx-state-tree

State Management Paradigm

  • immer:

    Immer allows developers to work with mutable state syntax while ensuring immutability under the hood. It uses a proxy-based approach to track changes, making it easy to apply updates without directly mutating the state.

  • redux:

    Redux follows a unidirectional data flow pattern where state is managed in a single store. Actions are dispatched to update the state through pure functions called reducers, ensuring predictability and traceability.

  • mobx:

    MobX employs a reactive programming model that automatically tracks dependencies and updates the UI when observable state changes. This makes it intuitive to manage state without needing to write extensive boilerplate code.

  • recoil:

    Recoil introduces a novel way to manage state in React applications by allowing state to be derived from other state atoms, enabling fine-grained control over component re-renders and improving performance in large applications.

  • mobx-state-tree:

    MST combines the reactivity of MobX with a structured tree model. It enforces a clear state shape and allows for easy state manipulation through actions, making it suitable for complex applications with nested state.

Learning Curve

  • immer:

    Immer has a gentle learning curve, especially for developers familiar with mutable state. Its API is straightforward, making it easy to integrate into existing projects without significant overhead.

  • redux:

    Redux has a steeper learning curve compared to the others due to its strict conventions and the need to understand concepts like middleware, actions, and reducers. However, it provides a robust architecture for large applications.

  • mobx:

    MobX is relatively easy to learn, particularly for those familiar with JavaScript. Its reactive nature allows developers to focus on state changes without worrying about the underlying mechanics of state management.

  • recoil:

    Recoil is designed to be easy to adopt for React developers, leveraging familiar concepts like hooks. Its API is intuitive, making it accessible for those already accustomed to React's paradigms.

  • mobx-state-tree:

    MST has a moderate learning curve due to its structured approach and concepts like snapshots and patches. However, once understood, it provides powerful tools for managing complex state trees effectively.

Performance

  • immer:

    Immer is efficient in terms of performance, as it only creates new state objects when changes occur, minimizing unnecessary re-renders. Its proxy-based approach ensures that updates are handled efficiently without deep cloning.

  • redux:

    Redux can face performance issues if not managed properly, especially with large state trees. However, using techniques like memoization and selective rendering can help mitigate these issues, ensuring efficient updates.

  • mobx:

    MobX excels in performance due to its fine-grained reactivity, allowing components to only re-render when the specific observable data they depend on changes. This leads to optimal rendering behavior in large applications.

  • recoil:

    Recoil is built for performance in React applications, allowing for selective re-rendering of components based on state changes. Its ability to derive state from atoms helps in optimizing rendering and reducing unnecessary updates.

  • mobx-state-tree:

    MST maintains good performance by leveraging MobX's reactivity while providing a structured state tree. Its snapshot and patch features allow for efficient state updates and debugging.

Extensibility

  • immer:

    Immer is highly extensible and can be integrated into existing state management solutions. Its simple API allows developers to build custom logic on top of it without significant overhead.

  • redux:

    Redux is highly extensible with middleware and enhancers, enabling developers to add custom functionality like logging, asynchronous actions, and more, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.

  • mobx:

    MobX is extensible through decorators and custom observables, allowing developers to create tailored solutions that fit their specific needs while maintaining reactivity.

  • recoil:

    Recoil is designed to be extensible within the React ecosystem, allowing developers to create custom hooks and components that leverage its state management capabilities seamlessly.

  • mobx-state-tree:

    MST offers extensibility through its model system, allowing developers to create complex state trees with custom actions and views, making it adaptable to various application requirements.

Community and Ecosystem

  • immer:

    Immer has a growing community and is widely used in projects that require immutable state management. Its ecosystem includes various plugins and tools that enhance its functionality.

  • redux:

    Redux has a vast community and a mature ecosystem, with a plethora of middleware, dev tools, and libraries that make it a robust choice for state management in large applications.

  • mobx:

    MobX has a supportive community and a rich ecosystem, with numerous libraries and tools that complement its reactive programming model, making it easier to integrate into projects.

  • recoil:

    Recoil is backed by the React community, with a rapidly growing ecosystem of tools and libraries that enhance its capabilities, making it a promising choice for modern React applications.

  • mobx-state-tree:

    MST benefits from the MobX community, providing access to a wealth of resources, examples, and tools that facilitate its adoption in complex applications.

How to Choose: immer vs redux vs mobx vs recoil vs mobx-state-tree
  • immer:

    Choose Immer if you want to work with immutable state in a more intuitive way, allowing you to write code that looks like you're mutating state directly while actually preserving immutability under the hood. It's great for projects where you want to maintain a simple state management approach without a steep learning curve.

  • redux:

    Choose Redux if you need a predictable state container that enforces a unidirectional data flow and is suitable for large-scale applications. Redux is ideal for projects that require a clear separation of concerns, middleware support, and a robust ecosystem of tools and libraries, especially when dealing with complex state logic.

  • mobx:

    Choose MobX for its simplicity and reactivity. It allows for automatic dependency tracking and makes state management straightforward, especially for applications that require fine-grained reactivity and performance optimizations. It's ideal for projects where you want to avoid boilerplate code and prefer a more functional approach to state management.

  • recoil:

    Choose Recoil if you're working with React and want a state management solution that integrates seamlessly with React's concurrent mode and hooks. It offers a flexible and efficient way to manage global state with minimal boilerplate, making it a good choice for modern React applications that require fine-grained control over state and derived state.

  • mobx-state-tree:

    Choose MobX-State-Tree (MST) if you need a more structured approach to state management that combines the benefits of MobX with a powerful type system and built-in support for snapshots and patches. It's suitable for applications that require complex state trees and want to enforce a clear structure while still benefiting from MobX's reactivity.

README for immer

Immer

npm Build Status Coverage Status code style: prettier OpenCollective OpenCollective Gitpod Ready-to-Code

Create the next immutable state tree by simply modifying the current tree

Winner of the "Breakthrough of the year" React open source award and "Most impactful contribution" JavaScript open source award in 2019

Contribute using one-click online setup

You can use Gitpod (a free online VS Code like IDE) for contributing online. With a single click it will launch a workspace and automatically:

  • clone the immer repo.
  • install the dependencies.
  • run yarn run start.

so that you can start coding straight away.

Open in Gitpod

Documentation

The documentation of this package is hosted at https://immerjs.github.io/immer/

Support

Did Immer make a difference to your project? Join the open collective at https://opencollective.com/immer!

Release notes

https://github.com/immerjs/immer/releases