redux vs zustand vs formik vs xstate vs mobx vs jotai vs react-query vs recoil
State Management and Form Handling Libraries
reduxzustandformikxstatemobxjotaireact-queryrecoilSimilar Packages:
State Management and Form Handling Libraries

State management libraries are essential in modern web development, particularly in React applications, as they help manage the state of an application in a predictable and efficient manner. These libraries provide various approaches to handle state, side effects, and form management, making it easier for developers to build scalable and maintainable applications. Each library has its unique features and design principles, catering to different use cases and developer preferences.

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redux16,880,36861,413290 kB462 years agoMIT
zustand12,662,33655,98894.3 kB34 days agoMIT
formik3,038,03534,351585 kB83123 days agoApache-2.0
xstate2,503,58128,9862.19 MB170a month agoMIT
mobx2,225,46028,1114.35 MB782 months agoMIT
jotai2,099,58520,798501 kB62 days agoMIT
react-query1,361,75547,6262.26 MB1353 years agoMIT
recoil500,03919,5622.21 MB3233 years agoMIT
Feature Comparison: redux vs zustand vs formik vs xstate vs mobx vs jotai vs react-query vs recoil

State Management Approach

  • formik:

    Formik focuses on form state management, providing a simple API to handle form values, validation, and submission, making it easy to manage complex forms in React applications.

  • mobx:

    MobX employs a reactive programming model, where state changes automatically propagate to the UI. It allows for a more intuitive way of managing state with less boilerplate code.

  • jotai:

    Jotai uses an atomic state management approach, allowing you to create individual pieces of state that can be shared across components without the need for a centralized store.

  • react-query:

    React Query is designed for managing server state and asynchronous data fetching, providing built-in caching, synchronization, and automatic updates to keep the UI in sync with the server.

  • recoil:

    Recoil offers a unique way to manage state in React applications by allowing atoms (units of state) and selectors (derived state), enabling fine-grained control over state updates and reactivity.

Learning Curve

  • formik:

    Formik has a moderate learning curve, especially for developers familiar with React. Its API is straightforward, but understanding form validation can take some time.

  • mobx:

    MobX is relatively easy to learn for those familiar with reactive programming concepts. Its intuitive API allows developers to manage state without excessive boilerplate.

  • jotai:

    Jotai has a low learning curve due to its minimalistic API and straightforward usage, making it easy for developers to get started quickly.

  • react-query:

    React Query has a gentle learning curve, especially for those familiar with React hooks. Its API is designed to be intuitive, making data fetching and caching straightforward.

  • recoil:

    Recoil has a moderate learning curve, particularly for developers who are new to state management concepts. However, its integration with React makes it easier to grasp.

Performance

  • formik:

    Formik is optimized for form handling, but performance can be impacted if not used correctly, especially with large forms. Using Field components can help optimize re-renders.

  • mobx:

    MobX excels in performance due to its reactive nature, automatically optimizing updates and minimizing re-renders by tracking dependencies.

  • jotai:

    Jotai is designed for performance, allowing for fine-grained updates to components that depend on specific pieces of state, minimizing unnecessary re-renders.

  • react-query:

    React Query enhances performance by caching data and minimizing network requests, ensuring that components only re-fetch data when necessary, leading to a smoother user experience.

  • recoil:

    Recoil provides good performance by allowing components to subscribe to specific atoms, reducing re-renders to only those components that depend on changed state.

Extensibility

  • formik:

    Formik is extensible through custom validation schemas and field components, allowing developers to tailor it to their specific form handling needs.

  • mobx:

    MobX is highly extensible, allowing developers to create custom decorators and utilities to enhance state management as needed.

  • jotai:

    Jotai's atomic model allows for easy extensibility, enabling developers to create custom hooks and state management solutions without much overhead.

  • react-query:

    React Query is extensible through custom hooks and query functions, allowing developers to tailor data fetching and caching strategies to their applications.

  • recoil:

    Recoil is designed to be extensible, enabling developers to create custom atoms and selectors to manage complex state scenarios.

Use Cases

  • formik:

    Formik is best suited for applications with complex forms that require validation, error handling, and dynamic form fields, such as registration or checkout forms.

  • mobx:

    MobX is great for applications that require a reactive approach to state management, such as dashboards or applications with real-time updates.

  • jotai:

    Jotai is ideal for small to medium-sized applications where simplicity and minimalism are key, making it suitable for projects that need straightforward state management.

  • react-query:

    React Query is perfect for applications that need to manage server state, such as data-heavy applications that rely on API calls for data retrieval and updates.

  • recoil:

    Recoil is well-suited for applications that require a modern state management solution integrated with React's concurrent features, making it ideal for complex UIs with shared state.

How to Choose: redux vs zustand vs formik vs xstate vs mobx vs jotai vs react-query vs recoil
  • redux:

    Select Redux for large-scale applications that require a predictable state container with a strict unidirectional data flow. It is best suited for complex applications where state changes need to be managed in a centralized manner with middleware support.

  • zustand:

    Choose Zustand for a lightweight and flexible state management solution that is easy to set up and use. It is ideal for small to medium-sized applications that require a simple API without the complexity of more extensive state management libraries.

  • formik:

    Choose Formik if you need a simple and efficient way to manage form state and validation in React applications. It is particularly useful for handling complex forms with validation and error messages.

  • xstate:

    Opt for XState if you need to manage complex state machines and workflows. It is particularly useful for applications that require a clear definition of states and transitions, providing a visual representation of state logic.

  • mobx:

    Opt for MobX if you prefer a reactive programming model with less boilerplate. It is suitable for applications that require a more intuitive and less structured approach to state management, especially when dealing with complex state trees.

  • jotai:

    Select Jotai for a minimalistic and atomic state management approach. It is great for small to medium-sized applications where you want to manage state in a straightforward way without boilerplate code.

  • react-query:

    Use React Query for managing server state and asynchronous data fetching. It is ideal for applications that need to handle remote data, caching, and synchronization with the server, providing a seamless experience for data fetching and updating.

  • recoil:

    Choose Recoil if you want a state management solution that integrates well with React's concurrent features. It allows for fine-grained control over state and is suitable for applications that require a more modern approach to state management.

README for redux

Redux Logo

Redux is a predictable state container for JavaScript apps.

It helps you write applications that behave consistently, run in different environments (client, server, and native), and are easy to test. On top of that, it provides a great developer experience, such as live code editing combined with a time traveling debugger.

You can use Redux together with React, or with any other view library. The Redux core is tiny (2kB, including dependencies), and has a rich ecosystem of addons.

Redux Toolkit is our official recommended approach for writing Redux logic. It wraps around the Redux core, and contains packages and functions that we think are essential for building a Redux app. Redux Toolkit builds in our suggested best practices, simplifies most Redux tasks, prevents common mistakes, and makes it easier to write Redux applications.

GitHub Workflow Status npm version npm downloads redux channel on discord

Installation

Create a React Redux App

The recommended way to start new apps with React and Redux Toolkit is by using our official Redux Toolkit + TS template for Vite, or by creating a new Next.js project using Next's with-redux template.

Both of these already have Redux Toolkit and React-Redux configured appropriately for that build tool, and come with a small example app that demonstrates how to use several of Redux Toolkit's features.

# Vite with our Redux+TS template
# (using the `degit` tool to clone and extract the template)
npx degit reduxjs/redux-templates/packages/vite-template-redux my-app

# Next.js using the `with-redux` template
npx create-next-app --example with-redux my-app

We do not currently have official React Native templates, but recommend these templates for standard React Native and for Expo:

npm install @reduxjs/toolkit react-redux

For the Redux core library by itself:

npm install redux

For more details, see the Installation docs page.

Documentation

The Redux core docs are located at https://redux.js.org, and include the full Redux tutorials, as well usage guides on general Redux patterns:

The Redux Toolkit docs are available at https://redux-toolkit.js.org, including API references and usage guides for all of the APIs included in Redux Toolkit.

Learn Redux

Redux Essentials Tutorial

The Redux Essentials tutorial is a "top-down" tutorial that teaches "how to use Redux the right way", using our latest recommended APIs and best practices. We recommend starting there.

Redux Fundamentals Tutorial

The Redux Fundamentals tutorial is a "bottom-up" tutorial that teaches "how Redux works" from first principles and without any abstractions, and why standard Redux usage patterns exist.

Help and Discussion

The #redux channel of the Reactiflux Discord community is our official resource for all questions related to learning and using Redux. Reactiflux is a great place to hang out, ask questions, and learn - please come and join us there!

Before Proceeding Further

Redux is a valuable tool for organizing your state, but you should also consider whether it's appropriate for your situation. Please don't use Redux just because someone said you should - instead, please take some time to understand the potential benefits and tradeoffs of using it.

Here are some suggestions on when it makes sense to use Redux:

  • You have reasonable amounts of data changing over time
  • You need a single source of truth for your state
  • You find that keeping all your state in a top-level component is no longer sufficient

Yes, these guidelines are subjective and vague, but this is for a good reason. The point at which you should integrate Redux into your application is different for every user and different for every application.

For more thoughts on how Redux is meant to be used, please see:

Basic Example

The whole global state of your app is stored in an object tree inside a single store. The only way to change the state tree is to create an action, an object describing what happened, and dispatch it to the store. To specify how state gets updated in response to an action, you write pure reducer functions that calculate a new state based on the old state and the action.

Redux Toolkit simplifies the process of writing Redux logic and setting up the store. With Redux Toolkit, the basic app logic looks like:

import { createSlice, configureStore } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'

const counterSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'counter',
  initialState: {
    value: 0
  },
  reducers: {
    incremented: state => {
      // Redux Toolkit allows us to write "mutating" logic in reducers. It
      // doesn't actually mutate the state because it uses the Immer library,
      // which detects changes to a "draft state" and produces a brand new
      // immutable state based off those changes
      state.value += 1
    },
    decremented: state => {
      state.value -= 1
    }
  }
})

export const { incremented, decremented } = counterSlice.actions

const store = configureStore({
  reducer: counterSlice.reducer
})

// Can still subscribe to the store
store.subscribe(() => console.log(store.getState()))

// Still pass action objects to `dispatch`, but they're created for us
store.dispatch(incremented())
// {value: 1}
store.dispatch(incremented())
// {value: 2}
store.dispatch(decremented())
// {value: 1}

Redux Toolkit allows us to write shorter logic that's easier to read, while still following the original core Redux behavior and data flow.

Logo

You can find the official logo on GitHub.

Change Log

This project adheres to Semantic Versioning. Every release, along with the migration instructions, is documented on the GitHub Releases page.

License

MIT