redux vs zustand vs mobx vs react-query vs jotai vs recoil vs unstated-next
State Management Libraries for React Comparison
1 Year
reduxzustandmobxreact-queryjotairecoilunstated-nextSimilar Packages:
What's State Management Libraries for React?

State management libraries are essential tools in React development, enabling developers to manage and share state across components efficiently. They provide various strategies for handling application state, ensuring data consistency, and improving performance. These libraries cater to different use cases, from simple state management to complex asynchronous data fetching, allowing developers to choose the right tool based on their application's needs and architecture.

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redux11,582,49361,081290 kB39a year agoMIT
zustand5,887,89850,57089.2 kB72 months agoMIT
mobx1,819,07527,7434.33 MB67a month agoMIT
react-query1,367,73943,9762.26 MB1102 years agoMIT
jotai1,345,18519,524497 kB312 days agoMIT
recoil556,48219,6362.21 MB3242 years agoMIT
unstated-next39,897---6 years agoMIT
Feature Comparison: redux vs zustand vs mobx vs react-query vs jotai vs recoil vs unstated-next

State Management Approach

  • redux:

    Redux follows a unidirectional data flow and uses actions and reducers to manage state. This makes the state predictable and easier to debug, especially in large applications with complex state transitions.

  • zustand:

    Zustand offers a simple API for managing state with hooks. It allows you to create stores that can be accessed and updated from any component, promoting a straightforward and flexible approach to state management.

  • mobx:

    MobX employs an observable-based approach, where state changes automatically trigger re-renders in components that use that state. This makes it very intuitive and reduces the need for boilerplate code.

  • react-query:

    React Query focuses on managing server state and provides built-in features for data fetching, caching, and synchronization. It abstracts away the complexities of handling asynchronous data and provides a simple API for fetching and updating data.

  • jotai:

    Jotai uses atomic state management, allowing you to create small, isolated pieces of state that can be shared across components. This promotes better performance and easier debugging, as each atom can be updated independently.

  • recoil:

    Recoil introduces a state management model that allows you to manage both local and global state with a focus on derived state. It integrates well with React's concurrent features, enabling more responsive UIs.

  • unstated-next:

    Unstated Next provides a simple and minimalistic approach to state management using React hooks. It allows you to create containers that hold state and can be shared across components without the complexity of a full-fledged state management library.

Learning Curve

  • redux:

    Redux has a steeper learning curve due to its concepts of actions, reducers, and middleware. However, once understood, it provides a powerful and predictable way to manage state.

  • zustand:

    Zustand has a minimal learning curve, as its API is simple and intuitive. Developers can quickly implement state management without extensive setup or configuration.

  • mobx:

    MobX is relatively easy to learn for developers who understand the concept of observables. Its reactive programming model can be intuitive, but it may require some adjustment for those used to more traditional state management patterns.

  • react-query:

    React Query is designed to be easy to use, with a focus on data fetching. Developers can quickly grasp its concepts, especially if they are familiar with Promises and async/await syntax.

  • jotai:

    Jotai has a gentle learning curve, especially for those familiar with React hooks. Its API is straightforward, making it easy to get started without much overhead.

  • recoil:

    Recoil has a moderate learning curve, particularly for developers who are new to state management. Its integration with React's concurrent features may require some additional understanding of React's rendering behavior.

  • unstated-next:

    Unstated Next is very easy to learn, especially for those familiar with React hooks. Its simplicity allows developers to quickly implement state management without much boilerplate.

Performance

  • redux:

    Redux can face performance challenges if not optimized properly, especially with large state trees. However, using techniques like memoization and selective rendering can help mitigate these issues.

  • zustand:

    Zustand is designed for performance, allowing for quick access and updates to state with minimal overhead. Its simplicity ensures that applications remain responsive and efficient.

  • mobx:

    MobX excels in performance due to its fine-grained reactivity. Only components that depend on changed observables re-render, which can lead to significant performance improvements in large applications.

  • react-query:

    React Query enhances performance by caching data and minimizing network requests. It intelligently refetches data in the background, ensuring that the UI is always up-to-date without blocking user interactions.

  • jotai:

    Jotai is optimized for performance by allowing components to subscribe only to the atoms they use. This minimizes unnecessary re-renders and keeps the application responsive, even with complex state management.

  • recoil:

    Recoil's performance is bolstered by its ability to manage derived state efficiently. It allows components to subscribe to specific pieces of state, reducing the number of re-renders and improving responsiveness.

  • unstated-next:

    Unstated Next is lightweight and performs well due to its minimalistic nature. It avoids unnecessary re-renders by allowing components to subscribe only to the state they need.

Ecosystem and Community

  • redux:

    Redux has a large and established ecosystem with numerous middleware, tools, and community support. It is widely used in the industry, making it a safe choice for long-term projects.

  • zustand:

    Zustand has a growing community and is becoming popular for its simplicity. It has a straightforward API and good documentation, making it easy for developers to adopt.

  • mobx:

    MobX has a mature ecosystem with a variety of plugins and tools available. Its community is active, providing support and resources for developers looking to implement observable patterns.

  • react-query:

    React Query has gained significant popularity and has a strong community backing. Its ecosystem includes various plugins and integrations that enhance its functionality, making it a go-to choice for data fetching.

  • jotai:

    Jotai has a growing community and ecosystem, but it is relatively new compared to others. It has good documentation and examples, making it accessible for new users.

  • recoil:

    Recoil is backed by Facebook and has a growing community. While still relatively new, it has good documentation and resources available for developers looking to adopt it.

  • unstated-next:

    Unstated Next is newer and has a smaller community compared to others. However, it is gaining traction due to its simplicity and ease of use, and it has good documentation for getting started.

How to Choose: redux vs zustand vs mobx vs react-query vs jotai vs recoil vs unstated-next
  • redux:

    Choose Redux for a predictable state container that is well-suited for large applications with complex state logic. It provides a robust ecosystem for middleware and dev tools, making it ideal for enterprise-level applications.

  • zustand:

    Select Zustand for a minimalistic and flexible state management solution that focuses on simplicity and performance. It's ideal for applications that require a straightforward API and do not need the complexity of Redux.

  • mobx:

    Opt for MobX if you prefer an observable-based approach that allows for automatic reactivity. It's suitable for applications that require a more flexible and less boilerplate-heavy state management solution.

  • react-query:

    Select React Query for managing server state and asynchronous data fetching. It's perfect for applications that rely heavily on remote data and need features like caching, synchronization, and background updates.

  • jotai:

    Choose Jotai for a minimalistic approach to state management that leverages React's built-in features. It's ideal for projects that require atomic state management with a focus on simplicity and performance.

  • recoil:

    Consider Recoil if you want a state management solution that integrates seamlessly with React's concurrent features. It's great for applications that require fine-grained control over state and derived state management.

  • unstated-next:

    Opt for Unstated Next for a lightweight and simple state management solution that uses React hooks. It's perfect for small to medium-sized applications that need straightforward state management without much overhead.

README for redux

Redux Logo

Redux is a predictable state container for JavaScript apps.

It helps you write applications that behave consistently, run in different environments (client, server, and native), and are easy to test. On top of that, it provides a great developer experience, such as live code editing combined with a time traveling debugger.

You can use Redux together with React, or with any other view library. The Redux core is tiny (2kB, including dependencies), and has a rich ecosystem of addons.

Redux Toolkit is our official recommended approach for writing Redux logic. It wraps around the Redux core, and contains packages and functions that we think are essential for building a Redux app. Redux Toolkit builds in our suggested best practices, simplifies most Redux tasks, prevents common mistakes, and makes it easier to write Redux applications.

GitHub Workflow Status npm version npm downloads redux channel on discord

Installation

Create a React Redux App

The recommended way to start new apps with React and Redux Toolkit is by using our official Redux Toolkit + TS template for Vite, or by creating a new Next.js project using Next's with-redux template.

Both of these already have Redux Toolkit and React-Redux configured appropriately for that build tool, and come with a small example app that demonstrates how to use several of Redux Toolkit's features.

# Vite with our Redux+TS template
# (using the `degit` tool to clone and extract the template)
npx degit reduxjs/redux-templates/packages/vite-template-redux my-app

# Next.js using the `with-redux` template
npx create-next-app --example with-redux my-app

We do not currently have official React Native templates, but recommend these templates for standard React Native and for Expo:

  • https://github.com/rahsheen/react-native-template-redux-typescript
  • https://github.com/rahsheen/expo-template-redux-typescript
npm install @reduxjs/toolkit react-redux

For the Redux core library by itself:

npm install redux

For more details, see the Installation docs page.

Documentation

The Redux core docs are located at https://redux.js.org, and include the full Redux tutorials, as well usage guides on general Redux patterns:

The Redux Toolkit docs are available at https://redux-toolkit.js.org, including API references and usage guides for all of the APIs included in Redux Toolkit.

Learn Redux

Redux Essentials Tutorial

The Redux Essentials tutorial is a "top-down" tutorial that teaches "how to use Redux the right way", using our latest recommended APIs and best practices. We recommend starting there.

Redux Fundamentals Tutorial

The Redux Fundamentals tutorial is a "bottom-up" tutorial that teaches "how Redux works" from first principles and without any abstractions, and why standard Redux usage patterns exist.

Help and Discussion

The #redux channel of the Reactiflux Discord community is our official resource for all questions related to learning and using Redux. Reactiflux is a great place to hang out, ask questions, and learn - please come and join us there!

Before Proceeding Further

Redux is a valuable tool for organizing your state, but you should also consider whether it's appropriate for your situation. Please don't use Redux just because someone said you should - instead, please take some time to understand the potential benefits and tradeoffs of using it.

Here are some suggestions on when it makes sense to use Redux:

  • You have reasonable amounts of data changing over time
  • You need a single source of truth for your state
  • You find that keeping all your state in a top-level component is no longer sufficient

Yes, these guidelines are subjective and vague, but this is for a good reason. The point at which you should integrate Redux into your application is different for every user and different for every application.

For more thoughts on how Redux is meant to be used, please see:

Basic Example

The whole global state of your app is stored in an object tree inside a single store. The only way to change the state tree is to create an action, an object describing what happened, and dispatch it to the store. To specify how state gets updated in response to an action, you write pure reducer functions that calculate a new state based on the old state and the action.

Redux Toolkit simplifies the process of writing Redux logic and setting up the store. With Redux Toolkit, the basic app logic looks like:

import { createSlice, configureStore } from '@reduxjs/toolkit'

const counterSlice = createSlice({
  name: 'counter',
  initialState: {
    value: 0
  },
  reducers: {
    incremented: state => {
      // Redux Toolkit allows us to write "mutating" logic in reducers. It
      // doesn't actually mutate the state because it uses the Immer library,
      // which detects changes to a "draft state" and produces a brand new
      // immutable state based off those changes
      state.value += 1
    },
    decremented: state => {
      state.value -= 1
    }
  }
})

export const { incremented, decremented } = counterSlice.actions

const store = configureStore({
  reducer: counterSlice.reducer
})

// Can still subscribe to the store
store.subscribe(() => console.log(store.getState()))

// Still pass action objects to `dispatch`, but they're created for us
store.dispatch(incremented())
// {value: 1}
store.dispatch(incremented())
// {value: 2}
store.dispatch(decremented())
// {value: 1}

Redux Toolkit allows us to write shorter logic that's easier to read, while still following the original core Redux behavior and data flow.

Logo

You can find the official logo on GitHub.

Change Log

This project adheres to Semantic Versioning. Every release, along with the migration instructions, is documented on the GitHub Releases page.

License

MIT